Hanyar PAC/PAM ta amfani

Polyaluminum chloride: PAC a takaice, wanda kuma aka sani da basic aluminum chloride ko hydroxyl aluminum chloride.

Ka'ida: Ta hanyar samfurin hydrolysis na polyaluminum chloride ko polyaluminum chloride, ruwan sama na colloidal a cikin najasa ko laka yana samuwa cikin sauri, wanda yake da sauƙin raba manyan barbashi na hazo. Aiki: Bayyanar da aikin PAC yana da alaƙa da alkalinity, hanyar shiri, tsarin ƙazanta da abun ciki na alumina.

1, idan alkalinity na ruwa mai tsarki na polyaluminum chloride ya kasance cikin kewayon 40% ~ 60%, ruwa ne mai haske rawaya mai haske. Idan alkalinity ya fi 60%, a hankali yana zama ruwa mai haske mara launi.

2, idan alkalinity ɗin bai kai kashi 30% ba, polyaluminum chloride mai ƙarfi shine ruwan tabarau.

3, idan alkalinity yana cikin kewayon 30% ~ 60%, abu ne mai colloidal.

4, idan alkalinity ya fi kashi 60%, a hankali yana zama gilashi ko resin. Polyaluminum chloride mai ƙarfi da aka yi da bauxite ko ma'adinan yumbu yana da rawaya ko launin ruwan kasa.

Misalin samfurin

Rarraba gama gari

Abun ciki na kashi 22-24%: Tsarin busar da ganga, ba tare da tace faranti da firam ba, kayan da ba ya narkewa a ruwa ya fi girma, shine farashin kasuwa na yanzu na kayayyakin masana'antu, galibi ana amfani da su don maganin sharar gida na masana'antu.

26% abun ciki: Tsarin busar da ganga, ba tare da tace farantin da firam ba, kayan da ba ya narkewa a ruwa ya yi ƙasa da kashi 22-24%, wannan samfurin shine matakin ƙasa na masana'antu, farashin ya ɗan yi tsada, galibi ana amfani da shi wajen magance sharar gida a masana'antu.

28% abun ciki: Wannan yana da nau'ikan tsari guda biyu na busar da ganga da busar da feshi, matattarar ruwa ta hanyar farantin, ruwa ba ya narkewa fiye da na farko biyun, suna cikin samfuran PAC masu inganci, ana iya amfani da su don maganin najasa mai ƙarancin danshi da kuma maganin famfo kafin a fara amfani da su.

Abun ciki na 30%: Akwai nau'ikan busar da ganga guda biyu da busar da feshi, matattarar ruwa ta hanyar farantin, na cikin samfuran PAC masu inganci, galibi ana amfani da su a masana'antar ruwan famfo da ƙarancin turbidity na maganin ruwa na gida.

32% na abun ciki: Ana yin wannan ta hanyar busar da feshi, ya bambanta da sauran kayayyaki, wannan bayyanar PAC fari ce, tana da tsarki mai yawa wanda ba shi da ƙarfe, wanda galibi ana amfani da shi a masana'antar sinadarai masu kyau da masana'antar kayan kwalliya, kuma tana cikin matakin abinci.

Polyacrylamide: wanda aka fi sani da PA M, wanda aka fi sani da flocculant ko coagulant

Ka'ida: Sarkar kwayoyin PAM da kuma matakin da aka watsa ta hanyar tasirin injiniya, na zahiri, na sinadarai da sauran su, matakin da aka watsar ya haɗu tare, yana samar da hanyar sadarwa, don haka yana haɓaka rawar.

Aiki: PAM fari ne, yana narkewa a cikin ruwa, kusan ba ya narkewa a cikin benzene, ether, lipids, acetone da sauran abubuwan narkewa na halitta gabaɗaya, ruwan polyacrylamide mai ruwa kusan ruwa ne mai haske, kaya ne mara haɗari, ba mai guba ba, ba mai lalata ba, mai ƙarfi na PAM yana da hygroscopicity, hygroscopicity yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwar digirin ionic.

Misalin samfurin

Rarraba gama gari

Dangane da halayensa na rukunin da ba a haɗa shi ba, an raba PAM zuwa anionic polyacrylamide, cationic polyacrylamide da non-ionic polyacrylamide. Ionic polyacrylamide.

PAM na Kationic: laka mai aiki wanda aka samar ta hanyar biochemical

PAM na Anionic: najasa da laka masu caji mai kyau, kamar masana'antar ƙarfe, masana'antar lantarki, aikin ƙarfe, wanke kwal, cire ƙura da sauran najasa, suna da tasiri mafi kyau

PAM mara ionic: Don cationic da anionic suna da kyakkyawan tasiri, amma farashin naúrar yana da tsada sosai, gabaɗaya ba a saba amfani da shi ba

An ƙara duka umarnin amfani

Menene flocculation? Bayan ƙara coagulant a cikin ruwan da ba a sarrafa ba, sannan a gauraya shi da ruwan, yawancin ƙazanta na colloid da ke cikin ruwan suna rasa kwanciyar hankali, kuma ƙwayoyin colloid marasa ƙarfi suna karo da juna a cikin flocculation pool, sannan su samar da floc ɗin da za a iya cirewa ta hanyar hazo.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da flocculation

Tsarin girma na floc shine tsarin hulɗa da karo na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Ingancin tasirin flocculation ya dogara ne akan waɗannan abubuwa guda biyu:

1 ikon haɗakar polymer da aka samar ta hanyar hydrolysis na coagulant don samar da gadar firam ɗin sha, wanda aka ƙaddara ta hanyar halayen coagulants

2 yiwuwar karo da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma yadda za a iya sarrafa su don karo mai ma'ana da inganci. Fannonin injiniyan maganin ruwa sun yi imanin cewa domin ƙara yiwuwar karo, dole ne a ƙara saurin saurin, kuma dole ne a ƙara yawan amfani da makamashin jikin ruwa ta hanyar ƙara saurin saurin, wato, ƙara saurin kwararar tafkin flocculation (ƙarin bayani: idan ƙwayoyin suka taru suka girma da sauri a cikin flocculation, za a lalata su. Akwai matsaloli guda biyu: 1 girman floc da sauri ƙarfinsa ya raunana, a cikin tsarin kwararar da aka haɗu da ƙarfi zai sa a yanke gadar firam ɗin adsorption, gadar firam ɗin adsorption da aka yanke yana da wahalar ci gaba, don haka tsarin flocculation shi ma tsari ne mai iyaka, tare da haɓakar floc, ya kamata a rage saurin kwarara, don haka floc da aka samar ba shi da sauƙin karyewa; 2 wasu floc da sauri girma zai sa yankin saman ruwa na musamman ya ragu sosai, wasu martani ba cikakke ba ne ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta sun rasa yanayin amsawa, waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da manyan ƙwayoyin cuta sun ragu sosai, yana da wuya a sake girma, waɗannan ƙwayoyin ba za su iya kawai don ba An riƙe tankin laka, yana da wuya a riƙe shi don matatar.)

Ƙara buƙatu

A matakin farko na amsawar ƙara coagulant, ya zama dole a ƙara damar haɗuwa da najasa gwargwadon iko, ƙara yawan haɗuwa ko kwarara. Dangane da karo na kwararar ruwa da farantin naɗewa da kwararar ruwa tsakanin farantin naɗewa don ƙara saurin, don haka damar karo na barbashi na ruwa ya ƙaru, don haka danshi na floc. Kuma ga martanin da ya makara, don rage saurin gudu, zai iya samun ingantaccen tasirin flocculation, da hazo.

Ƙara kayan aiki: Akwatin magani, tankin ajiya na magani, na'urar motsa allurai, famfon allurai da kayan aikin aunawa. An haɗa shi da amfani da hanyoyin

Yawan rarrabawa na PAC, PAM (an cire shi daga jakar marufi na magani sannan aka ƙara shi a cikin tankin narkewa) Yawan rarrabawa na PAC da PAM Dangane da gogewa: Yawan rarrabawa na PAC na 5%-10%, yawan PAM na 0.1%-0.3%, bayanan da ke sama daidai da inganci, wato, kowane ruwan cubic PAC 50-100kg, PAM 1-3kg. Wannan yawan yana da girma sosai, ƙarfin rushewar PAM yana da iyaka, ana buƙatar juyawa gaba ɗaya yana juyawa matsakaiciyar gudu don ya narke gaba ɗaya. A lokacin rani, ana iya ƙara yawan rushewar PAM yadda ya kamata zuwa 0.3-0.5%. Yi amfani da yawan rushewar PAC na 10%, yawan rushewar PAM na 0.5%, sannan kowane ruwan cubic PAC na 100kg, PAM5kg, daidaita kwararar famfon mitar kwararar diaphragm, bisa ga lissafin mita cubic 1 / awanni 24, wato, Q = lita 42 / awa, zai iya cimma ingantaccen tasirin maganin zubar da najasa. Maganin maganin najasa na PAC, PAM (wanda aka narkar a cikin ruwan asali) Yawan maganin najasa gabaɗaya shine PAC 50-100ppm, PAM 2-5ppm, naúrar ppm shine miliyan ɗaya, don haka an canza shi zuwa gram 50-100 na PAC a kowace tan najasa, gram 2-5 na PAM, ana ba da shawarar gabaɗaya bisa ga wannan gwajin allurar. Idan ƙarfin maganin najasa na yau da kullun shine mita 2000 cubic, yawan maganin PAC bisa ga 50ppm, yawan maganin PAM bisa ga lissafin 2ppm, to kowace rana maganin PAC shine 100kg, yawan maganin PAM shine 4kg. Ana ƙididdige maganin da ke sama bisa ga ƙwarewa gabaɗaya, takamaiman maganin da yawan maganin ya kamata su dogara ne akan takamaiman gwajin ingancin ruwa. Lissafa ƙimar da aka saita a cikin mita kwararar famfo

Bayan an ƙara sinadarin a cikin najasa ko laka, ya kamata a haɗa shi yadda ya kamata. Lokacin haɗuwa gabaɗaya shine daƙiƙa 10-30, gabaɗaya ba zai wuce mintuna 2 ba. Takamaiman adadin da sinadarin ke ɗauka da kuma yawan ƙwayoyin colloidal, daskararrun abubuwa da aka dakatar a cikin najasa ko laka, yanayi da kayan aikin magani suna da alaƙa mai kyau, yawan maganin laka ga wasu, ana samun mafi kyawun adadin ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje da yawa. Dangane da mafi kyawun yawan da ake ɗauka (ppm1 don ƙara yawan da ake ɗauka) da kwararar ruwa (t/h) da kuma tsarin yawan da ake ɗauka na maganin (ppm2) ana iya ƙididdige shi akan ƙimar nuni na famfon da ake ɗauka (LPM). Ƙimar nuni na famfon da ake ɗauka (LPM) = kwararar ruwa (t/h)/60×PPM1 don ƙara yawan da ake ɗauka na shiri /PPM2.

Lura: ppm shine na miliyan ɗaya; raka'o'in ƙimar famfo mai kwarara, LPM shine lita/minti; GPM shine galan/minti