Amfani da Sodium Hydoxide da kuma yadda ake amfani da shi
Amfani da Sodium Hydoxide da kuma yadda ake amfani da shi
Kamfanin Yangzhou Everbright Chemical Co.LTD.
Kwamfutar soda ta Caustic wani nau'in soda ne mai narkewa, sunan sinadarai sodium hydroxide, alkali ne mai narkewa, mai lalata sosai, ana iya amfani da shi azaman mai hana acid, tare da wakilin rufe fuska, wakilin saukar ruwa, wakilin rufe hazo, wakilin launi, wakilin saponification, wakilin barewa, sabulun wanki da sauransu.
Yana da matuƙar amfani. Ana taƙaita amfani da ƙwayoyin soda masu ƙarfi kamar haka:
1, yin takarda:
Kayan aikin yin takarda sune tsire-tsire na itace ko ciyawa, waɗannan tsire-tsire ban da cellulose, amma kuma suna ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na waɗanda ba cellulose ba (lignin, gum, da sauransu). Ana amfani da flake alkali don cirewa, kuma za a iya samun zare ne kawai ta hanyar cire lignin daga itacen. Ana iya narkar da ɓangaren da ba cellulose ba ta hanyar ƙara ruwan soda mai narkewa, don a iya shirya cellulose a matsayin babban ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren litattafan.
2, man fetur mai tsafta:
Bayan an wanke kayayyakin mai da sinadarin sulfuric acid, dole ne a wanke wasu sinadarai masu acidic da maganin alkali na kwamfutar hannu, sannan a wanke don samun ingantattun kayayyaki.
3. Yadi:
Ana yi wa yadin auduga da lilin magani da sinadarin sodium hydroxide mai ƙarfi (caustic soda) don inganta halayen zare. Zaren wucin gadi kamar audugar wucin gadi, ulu na wucin gadi, rayon, da sauransu, galibi zaren viscose ne, an yi su ne da cellulose (kamar ɓangaren litattafan almara), caustic soda, carbon disulfide (CS2) a matsayin kayan da aka samar, an yi su da viscose, ta hanyar juyawa, da kuma daskare su.
4, bugu da rini:
Yadin auduga tare da maganin maganin alkaline, zai iya cire kakin zuma da aka rufe da auduga, mai, sitaci da sauran abubuwa, yayin da yake ƙara launin mercerization na yadin, don haka rini ya fi daidaituwa.
5, yin sabulu:
Babban sinadarin sabulu shine gishirin sodium na sinadarin fatty acids, wanda yawanci ake yi da allunan mai da alkali a matsayin kayan masarufi ta hanyar saponification reaction. Baya ga gishirin fatty acid mai yawa, sabulu kuma yana dauke da rosin, gilashin ruwa, kayan ƙanshi, rini da sauran abubuwan cikawa. A tsarin gini, sinadarin fatty acid mai yawa yana dauke da wani bangare na hydrophobic wanda ba polar ba (rukunin hydrocarbon) da kuma wani bangare na polar hydrophilic (rukunin carboxyl). Wannan rukuni na hydrophobic yana da kaddarorin oleophilic. A lokacin wankewa, ana jujjuya man da ke cikin datti kuma a bazu zuwa kananan digo na mai, kuma bayan an taba sabulun, ana saka rukunin hydrophobic (rukunin hydrocarbon) na manyan kwayoyin sodium na fatty acid a cikin digo na mai, kuma ana daure kwayoyin mai tare ta hanyar karfin van der Waals. Rukunin hydrophilic (rukunin carboxyl), wanda yake narkewa cikin ruwa cikin sauki, ana fadada shi a wajen digo na mai sannan a saka shi cikin ruwa. Babban sinadarin sabulu shine NaOH, amma NaOH ba sabulu bane. Maganin ruwa mai mai ne kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman sabulu. Sabulu emulsifier ne. Ka'idar ita ce amsawar saponification CH3CO0CH2CH3+NaOH=CH3COONa+CH3CH2OH, kuma CH3COONa shine sinadari mai aiki a cikin sabulu.
6, masana'antar sinadarai:
Ana amfani da sinadarin sodium na ƙarfe, kuma ana amfani da ruwan electrolytic a matsayin allunan alkali. Ana amfani da gishirin da ba na halitta ba da yawa, musamman ma a cikin shirye-shiryen wasu gishirin sodium (kamar borax, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, sodium dichromate, sodium sulfite, da sauransu) a cikin maganin alkali. Haka kuma ana amfani da shi wajen haɗa rini, magunguna da kuma tsaka-tsakin kwayoyin halitta.
7, masana'antar ƙarfe:
sau da yawa don canza sinadarin da ke aiki a cikin ma'adinan zuwa gishirin sodium mai narkewa, don cire ƙazanta mara narkewa, saboda haka, sau da yawa ana buƙatar ƙara allunan alkali. Misali, a cikin tsarin narkewar aluminum, ana amfani da shirye-shiryen cryolite da maganin bauxite.
8, amfani da lemun tsami don inganta ƙasa:
a cikin ƙasa, saboda abin da ke cikin halitta a cikin tsarin ruɓewa zai samar da acid na halitta, canjin yanayi na ma'adanai na iya samar da abubuwa masu acidic. Bugu da ƙari, amfani da takin zamani marasa tsari kamar ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, da sauransu, zai kuma sa ƙasa ta zama mai acidic. Yin amfani da adadin lemun tsami da ya dace zai iya rage acid ɗin da ke cikin ƙasa, ya sa ƙasa ta dace da girman amfanin gona, da kuma haɓaka yaɗuwar ƙwayoyin cuta. Bayan ƙaruwar Ca2+ a cikin ƙasa, zai iya haɓaka danshi na ƙasa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen samar da tarin abubuwa, kuma a lokaci guda, yana iya samar da calcin da ake buƙata don girman shuka.
9. Samar da alumina:
Ana dumama ruwan NaOH don narkar da alumina a cikin bauxite kuma a sami sodium aluminMaganin da aka samo. Bayan an raba maganin da ragowar (ja laka), ana rage zafin jiki, ana ƙara aluminum hydroxide a matsayin ƙwayar lu'ulu'u, bayan dogon lokaci ana juyawa, ana narkar da sodium aluminate zuwa aluminum hydroxide, a wanke, sannan a yi calcined a 950 ~ 1200℃, ana samun aluminum oxide da aka gama. Maganin bayan ruwan aluminum hydroxide ana kiransa mother liquor, wanda ake ƙafewa kuma ana tattara shi kuma ana sake yin amfani da shi. Saboda tsarin lu'ulu'u daban-daban na diaspore, diaspore da diaspore, narkewarsu a cikin maganin caustic soda ya bambanta sosai, don haka ya zama dole a samar da yanayi daban-daban na narkewa, galibi yanayin zafi daban-daban na narkewa. Ana iya narkar da bauxite na diaspore a 125 ~ 140C, kuma bauxite na diaspore za a iya narkar da shi a 240 ~ 260℃ da kuma ƙara lemun tsami (3 ~ 7%).
10, yumbu:
Soda mai kauri a cikin aikin kera yumbu yana da maki biyu: na farko, a cikin tsarin harba yumbu, soda mai kauri a matsayin mai narkewa. Na biyu, saman yumbu mai kauri zai yi kauri ko kuma ya yi kauri sosai, kuma bayan an tsaftace shi da ruwan soda mai kauri, saman yumbu zai yi santsi.
11, maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta:
Ana amfani da waɗannan don tsaftacewa da kuma kashe ƙwayoyin cuta a masana'antar giya.
12, ban da ruwan shara:
ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na sodium oxide don daidaita ƙimar ph, maganin najasa, don sake amfani da albarkatu.
13, shirye-shiryen sinadarai, ƙari na masana'antu:
Ana amfani da alkali a kwamfutar hannu galibi a masana'antar magunguna don daidaita mafita ko daidaita ƙimar pH na mafita na magunguna.
14, electroplating, refining tungsten.
Allunan Alkali a cikin faranti na ƙarfe a matsayin maganin electroplating, suna taka rawar jagora!
15, ƙera siliki, ƙera audugar rayon.
16. Masana'antar fata (Gabatarwa game da amfani guda biyu na allunan alkali):
(1) Don tsarin sake amfani da ruwan tokar sharar tanderu, jiƙa kuma ƙara ruwan sodium sulfide a cikin tsarin faɗaɗawa da ake da shi
Tsakanin matakai biyu na jiƙa garin lemun tsami, ana ƙara amfani da kashi 30% na sodium hydroxide tare da nauyin 0.3-0.5% don sa zare na fata ya faɗaɗa sosai don biyan buƙatun aikin da kuma inganta ingancin kayayyakin da aka gama da su.
(2) A matsayin matsakaiciyar alkaline da kuma mai hana ruwa shiga, sai a zuba ruwan a cikin reactor, sannan a dumama har zuwa 90 ° C ta tururi, a juya yayin da ake ƙara polyvinyl alcohol, sannan a huce zuwa 80 ° C bayan polyvinyl alcohol ya narke gaba ɗaya. Bayan an juya, sai a zuba hydrochloric acid a cikin wani ƙaramin ruwa, a ci gaba da juyawa na tsawon minti 20 zuwa 30, sannan a zuba ruwan formaldehyde. A bar shi ya yi zafi a zafin 78 ~ 80 ° C, a bar shi ya yi aiki na tsawon minti 40 ~ 50, a ƙara ruwan sodium hydroxide 10% da aka tsara don magance matsalar, a bar shi ya huce zuwa 60 ~ 70 ° C, sannan a ƙara urea don maganin amino, sannan a tace ruwan manne ta hanyar ragar zare don amfani da shi.
17, masana'antar sinadarai ta polyester:
ana amfani da shi wajen kera formic acid, oxalic acid, borax, phenol, sodium cyanide da sabulu, kitse mai roba, sabulun sabulun roba, da sauransu.
18, masana'antar buga yadi da rini:
Ana amfani da shi azaman wakilin rage girman auduga, maganin tafasa, wakilin mercerizing da rini mai ragewa, mai narkewar fenti mai launin shuɗi na Haichang.
19, masana'antar tacewa:
ana amfani da shi wajen kera sinadarin aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide da kuma maganin saman ƙarfe.
20, masana'antar kayan aiki,
ana amfani da shi azaman maganin hana acid, wakili mai canza launi, wakili mai cire ƙamshi.
21, masana'antar mannewa:
ana amfani da shi azaman gelatinizer na sitaci, neutralizer.
22, ƙera phosphate, ƙera manganate.
23. Sake farfaɗo da tsohon roba.
24, ana iya amfani da shi azaman citrus, wakilin bawon peach da kuma wakili mai canza launi, deodorant.
25, ana amfani da maganin alkali a cikin masana'antar magungunan kashe kwari.