1. Acids
vitriol
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta H2SO4, ruwa mara launi ko launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa, wakili mai karfi na oxidizing, na'ura mai lalata yana da tasiri sosai, babban adadin zafi a cikin ruwa, dole ne a kara acid a cikin ruwa lokacin da aka diluted, kuma ba za a iya aiwatar da akasin haka ba, ana amfani da shi. kamar yadda acid dyes, acid matsakaici dyes, acid chrome dyes rini taimako, ulu carbonizing wakili.
Acetic acid
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta CH3COOH, gajeriyar HAC, ruwa mara launi mai banƙyama mai banƙyama, maki mai daskarewa 14 digiri, mai lalacewa, na iya ƙone fata, ana amfani dashi azaman rini mai rauni acid bath rini, rini matsakaici acid, tsaka tsaki mai hade da rini mataimakin
Formic acid
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta HCOOH, ruwa mara launi mai banƙyama mai banƙyama, mai ragewa, mai lalatawa, mai sauƙin daskarewa a yanayin sanyi, ana iya ƙone tururi mai guba, mai guba, ana amfani dashi azaman rinayen acid, taimakon rini na acid matsakaici.
Oxalic acid
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta H2C2O4.2H2O, farin crystal, ana iya bambanta shi cikin farin foda a cikin iska mai bushe, acid mai karfi, mai guba, mai sauƙi don lalata da kuma zama oxidized, dan kadan mai narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi, ethanol da ether, ana amfani dashi don wankewa. tsatsa na ƙarfe.
Oleic acid
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta C17H33COOH, kimiyya sunan octaenoic acid, masana'antu oleic acid ne yafi shuka da dabba acid, haske fiye da ruwa m m ruwa, za a iya solidified a cikin allura-kamar lu'ulu'u a lokacin da sanyaya, da narkewa batu ne game da 14 digiri, amfani da su don yin oleic acid. sabulu da kuma ragewa wakili.
Tannic acid
Molecular dabara C14H10O9, masana'antu powdered tannic acid abun ciki 65% -85%, ruwa kullum ya ƙunshi 30% -35%, powdered rawaya ko haske rawaya amorphous haske foda, a hankali baki a cikin iska, ruwa tannic acid ne mai duhu launin ruwan kasa lokacin farin ciki ruwa, da Matsakaicin kusan digiri 20-22 Kasance, dogon lokacin da iskar zata rube, Samar da hazo mai haske, mai narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi, wanda ba a iya narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, da tofa tartar da ake amfani da shi azaman rini mai rauni acid bath acid, launi mai tsaka-tsaki mai rikitarwa. wakili mai gyarawa.
2. Alkali
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta NaOH, sodium hydroxide abun ciki mai ƙarfi 95-99.5%, ruwa 30-45%, m sodium hydroxide fari ne, mai sauƙin cirewa, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa yana sakin zafi mai zafi, mai lalata sosai, na iya sa filayen dabba ya karye, yana iya haifar da ƙonewa mai tsanani. fata, mai sauƙin ɗaukar carbon dioxide ta atomatik daga iska a cikin sodium carbonate, akwati ya kamata ya zama ƙudan zuma, Ana amfani dashi azaman ƙarfi don rage dyes kuma azaman mai tsaftacewa don cire launi bayan rini mai yawa.
Sodium carbonate (soda ash)
Molecular formula Na2CO3, anhydrous sodium carbonate foda ne mai launi ko lafiyayyen granular, yana sha ruwa da carbon dioxide a cikin iska, clumps kuma ya samar da sodium bicarbonate, mai narkewa cikin ruwa, sodium carbonate mai ruwa yana da ruwa kashi daya, ruwa sassa bakwai, ruwa kashi goma ruwa uku. .An yi amfani da shi azaman taimakon wankin ulu, rini kai tsaye, rini mai auduga mai vulcanized da taimakon rini na fiber viscose, wakili mai gyara rini, ulu carbonization neutralizer.
Ammonium hydroxide (ruwa ammonia)
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta NH4OH, ruwa mara launi ko dan kadan rawaya, yana da wari mai ban sha'awa, zai iya sa mutane kuka, ya kamata a rike shi a cikin akwati da aka rufe, mai sauƙi don rushewa a cikin ammonia lokacin zafi, ƙarar ƙarar yana da sauƙi don fashe akwati, yi hankali kada don sanya kwandon ammonia mai zafi ko hasken rana kai tsaye.Ana amfani da shi azaman taimakon wanki, wakili mai hana ruwa bayan rini tare da rini mai haɗaɗɗiyar acid.
Triethanolamine
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta N (OH2CH2OH) 3, ruwa mara launi mara launi, ƙanshin ammonia, sauƙi mai launin rawaya lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa iska, hygrhygability, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, mai lalacewa zuwa jan karfe da aluminum, ana amfani dashi azaman neutralizer don urea aldehyde, cyanaldehyde resin farko condensation.
Hydrogen peroxide
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta H2O2, maganin ruwa na masana'antu wanda ya ƙunshi 30-40%, marar launi ko haske mai launin rawaya mai banƙyama, mai sauƙi don lalata oxygen, idan akwai ƙananan adadin acid a cikin bayani, maganin yana da kwanciyar hankali, don haka karamin adadin acetic acid. ko phosphoric acid a cikin masana'antun samfurin, irin su ƙara ammonia ko sauran alkali zuwa maganin, oxygen da sauri, yana da ƙarfin oxidation mai ƙarfi, Maganin mai da hankali zai iya haifar da fushin fata, saboda an adana shi a cikin wuri mai sanyi mai duhu, kauce wa hasken rana kai tsaye, ana amfani dashi azaman bleach.
Sodium dichromate
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta Na2Cr7O7.2H2O, sodium bichromate abun ciki na game da 98%, haske orange-ja crystal, shi ne wani oxidizing wakili, acid ta high zafi saki oxygen, da sauki damp, ja, mai guba, ya kamata a sanya a cikin wani akwati shãfe haske, amfani da matsayin. wani acidic matsakaici rini mordant, sulfur rini bayan rini oxidizing wakili.
Potassium bichromate
Kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta K2Cr2O7, orange ja crystal, wani oxidizing wakili, ba sauki ga deliquescent, mai guba, ya kamata a adana a cikin wani shãfe haske ganga, amfani da matsayin mordant ga acid matsakaici dyes.
Potassium permanganate
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta KMnO4, purple karfe luster granular ko acicular lu'ulu'u, ne mai karfi oxidizing wakili, ya kamata a adana a cikin rufaffiyar akwati, amfani da ulu shrinkage magani.
Sodium perborate
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta NaBO3.4H2O, sodium perborate abun ciki 96%, farin granular crystal ko foda, sa'an nan kuma bushe sanyi iska kwanciyar hankali, sa'an nan zafi da kuma m iska bazuwar na oxygen, danshi ne mai sauki tara bazuwar, ya kamata a adana a cikin wani akwati shãfe haske, ana amfani da shi azaman wakili na oxidizing bayan rini fiber viscose tare da rini na sulfide.
Sodium hypochlorite
Kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta NaClO, musamman m kodadde rawaya m, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, da kayayyaki ne kullum alkaline ruwa bayani, colorless zuwa dan kadan rawaya, tare da pungent wari, lalata ga karafa, saboda auduga, ulu kayayyakin bleaching da ulu ji ƙyama resistant karewa wakili.
4. Mai haske
Fluorescent whitening wakili VBL
Stilbene triazine nau'in, na da anionic kai tsaye rini, ya rini yi shi ne m kama da kai tsaye rini, iya amfani da gishiri, sodium foda don inganta rini, jinkirin rini tare da matakin wakili, haske rawaya foda, launi ne Violet blue, mai narkewa a cikin 80 sau. Yawan ruwa mai laushi, narkar da ruwa ya zama dan kadan alkaline ko matsakaici, rini wanka tare da matsakaici ko dan kadan alkaline PH 8-9 shi ne mafi dacewa, acid juriya ga PH 6, Alkali resistant zuwa PH 11, resistant zuwa ruwa mai wuya 300ppm, ba resistant zuwa karfe ions kamar jan karfe da baƙin ƙarfe, za a iya gauraye da anionic da wadanda ba ionic surfactants, kai tsaye da acidic anionic dyes, amma kada a yi amfani da cationic dyes, cationic surfactants da roba guduro farko jiki a cikin wanka guda, dace da samfuran cellulose masu launin fari ko haske, adadin ya kamata ya dace, Yawan fari yana raguwa ko ma rawaya, kuma yana da kyau a yi amfani da fiye da 0.4% don fibers cellulose.
Fluorescent whitening wakili VBU
Styrene triazine nau'in, haske rawaya foda, launi ne blue haske purple, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, anionic, acid juriya zuwa PH2-3, alkali juriya zuwa PH10, za a iya amfani da anionic, wadanda ba ionic surfactants, cationic dyes, roba guduro farko. wanka, amma ba za a iya amfani da cationic dyes da cationic Additives a cikin wanka guda, dace da cellulosic fiber whitening, Bleaching a guduro karewa kuma tare da acidic abun da ke ciki a cikin wanka guda.
Fluorescent whitening wakili DT
Abubuwan da aka samo na Benzoxazole, masu ƙarfin acid mai ƙarfi da alkalis, mai narkewa a cikin ethanol, launi shine cyan purple, tsaka tsaki mara ionizing tarwatsa fararen farin emulsion, ana iya haɗe shi da ruwa a kowane nau'i, saboda ana amfani da barasa na polyvinyl a cikin samfuran emulsion azaman kariya. colloid, da kuma condensates da daban-daban salts, don haka yana da kyau a yi amfani da tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan acidic wanka.DT emulsion da aka gauraye da dispersant N0.5% ko haka, a cikin ajiya ne settling sabon abu, lokacin da amfani da ya kamata a cikakken gauraye don tabbatar da maida hankali, za a iya amfani da polyester, nailan da sauran zaruruwa da blended yadudduka bleaching, bayan 140-160. digiri, 2 minutes na high zafin jiki magani domin cikakken taka rawar fari.
Fluorescent whitening wakili WG
Yellow foda, launi ne blue koren haske, da ruwa bayani ne tsaka tsaki, anionic surfactant, acid juriya, wuya ruwa juriya, baƙin ƙarfe da jan karfe suna da tasiri a kan farin, kawai narkar da lokacin amfani, ba sauki don adana da bayani, amfani da ulu da nailan farar fata.
Fluorescent whitening wakili BCD
Pyrazoline, haske rawaya foda, dan kadan purple fluorescence, insoluble a cikin ruwa, za a iya ko'ina tarwatsa da ruwa, barga dakatar, kuma za a iya narkar da a ethanol, dimethylformamide, ethylene glycol, ether, da dai sauransu, wadanda ba ionic, ta 1% ruwa bayani. kusan tsaka tsaki ne, ana amfani dashi don haskaka farin acrylic da haske mai launin fiber.
5. Ragewa
Sodium sulfide (alkali sulfide)
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta Na2S.9H2O, sodium sulfide abun ciki 60%, rawaya ko orange ja block, ruɓaɓɓen kwai wari, sauki sha danshi a cikin iska da kuma oxidize cikin sodium thiosulfate, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa ne karfi alkaline, m zuwa jan karfe, amfani da matsayin oxidizing. mai narkewa.
Inshora foda (sodium hyposulfite)
Kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta Na2S2O4, masana'antu inshora foda abun ciki 85-95%, da kaya ba ya dauke da crystal ruwa ga farin lafiya crystal;The caked foda yana da pungent m dandano;Kauce wa danshi, zafi ko fallasa zuwa iska, don hana iskar oxygen da sauran tasirin gazawar, da za a adana shi a cikin akwati da aka rufe, tabbatar da danshi, tabbacin zafi, lalacewar anti-oxidation;Yana da ƙarfi rage ƙarfi, kuma ruwa zai ƙone;Ana amfani da shi azaman wakili mai tsiri don yadudduka rini da wakili don cire launuka masu iyo bayan rini na polyester.
Gashi mai bleached
Yana da cakuda 60% foda inshora da 40% sodium pyrophosphate, farin foda, da za a adana a cikin akwati da aka rufe, zafi, danshi, oxidation da lalacewa, mai sauƙi don haifar da konewa ko fashewa bayan zafi, wakili ne mai ragewa, mai karfi mai bleaching. sakamako, ana amfani da su tare da ulun ulu, siliki da sauransu.
Glyph foda (glyph block, sodium bisulfate formaldehyde)
Kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta NaHSO2.CH2O.2H2O, farin foda abun ciki 98%, farin crystalline foda ko block, da za a adana a cikin wani shãfe haske ganga, zafi, danshi-hujja, ga ulu shrinkage magani rage wakili, auduga bugu masana'antu a cikin fitarwa na bugu bugu rage wakili, rini masana'anta tsiri wakili.
Sodium bisulfite
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta NaHSO3, farin crystalline ko crystalline foda, wari na sulfur dioxide, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, raunin alkaline ruwa solubility, sauki deliquination, oxidized zuwa sulfate a cikin iska, da za a adana a cikin wani shãfe haske ganga, amfani da ulu masana'anta sinadaran saitin wakili, wakili shrinkage ulu.
Sodium sulfite
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta Na2SO3, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, mai sauƙi da za a oxidized ta hanyar iska sulfate, mai sauƙin rasa ruwa ya zama farin crystalline foda, adana a cikin kwantena da aka rufe, ana amfani da shi azaman wakili na masana'anta na ulu da ulu shrinkage wakili.
6. Gishiri
Sodium chloride (gishiri na tebur)
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta NaCl, farin crystalline, deliquescent, ana amfani dashi azaman mai saurin kai tsaye, vulcanized, amsawa, rage rini, kuma azaman mai sabuntawa don musayar ion a cikin laushin ruwa.
Sodium acetate
Molecular dabara CH3COONa.3H2O, masana'antu sodium acetate dauke da uku crystalline ruwa game da 60% sodium acetate, soluble a cikin ruwa, sauki yanayi a cikin iska, anhydrous sodium acetate a matsayin farin foda, amfani da a matsayin neutralizer bayan dyeing acid hadaddun dyes;Cationic rini acrylic shine mai karewa don daidaita ƙimar PH.
Cupric sulfate
Molecular dabara CuSO4.5H2O, dauke da 5 crystalline ruwa ne duhu blue crystal, babu crystalline ruwa ne haske blue foda, mai guba, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, amfani da matsayin gyarawa wakili bayan kai tsaye jan karfe rini.
Ammonium sulfate
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta (NH4) 2SO4, fari ko ƙananan rawaya-ƙananan lu'ulu'u, ana amfani da shi azaman rini mai rauni acid bath acid rini, tsaka tsaki bath acid rini, tsaka tsaki hadaddun rini wakili, urea aldehyde, cyanaldehyde guduro mai kara kuzari.
Ammonium acetate
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta CH3COONH4, farin crystal ko crystalline block, sauki delix, dan kadan wari, sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, ruwa bayani ne acidic dauki, thermal bazuwar cikin acetic acid da ammonia, yawanci tare da acetic acid da ammonia bayani, amfani da matsayin rauni acid wanka acid. taimakon rini.
Sodium hexametaphosphate
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta (NaPO3) 6, flake mai haske mara launi ko farin granular, sauƙi mai sauƙi, a cikin iska za a shayar da shi, hydrated cikin disodium phosphate, amfani da shi azaman wakili mai laushi na ruwa.
Ammonium chloride
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta NH4Cl, farin deliquing crystallization, thermal bazuwar zuwa NH3 da HCl, amfani da matsayin mai kara kuzari ga resin karewa.
Magnesium chloride
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta MgCl2.6H2O, farin kristal monoclinic mara kyau, mai narkewa cikin ruwa, ana amfani dashi azaman mai kara kuzari don kammalawar guduro.
Sodium pyrophosphate kwayoyin dabara Na4P4O7.10H2O, monoclinic crystal, narkar da cikin ruwa, tafasa a cikin disodium hydrogen phosphate, da ruwa bayani ne alkaline.An yi amfani dashi azaman stabilizer don bleaching hydrogen peroxide.
Tartarite (potassium tartrate)
Tsarin kwayoyin halitta K (SbO) C4H4O6.1 / 2H2O, abun ciki na potassium tartrate 98%, crystal mara launi marar launi ko farin granular foda, mai guba, za a yi amfani da shi a cikin iska, mai narkewa cikin ruwa, maganin ruwa yana dan kadan acidic, ya kamata a gudanar da shi a cikin iska. akwati da aka rufe don hana yin caking, haɗe da tannic acid azaman rini mai rauni acid bath rini, tsaka-tsakin rini mai launin nailan mai tsaka tsaki.
Sodium sulfate
Molecular dabara Na2SO4, da kayayyaki da goma crystalline ruwa crystalline sodium sulfate (m crystallization cikin wani block ko allura) da kuma najasa sodium sulfate (farin foda), wari, m da kuma m, mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, amfani da matsayin kai tsaye dyes, sulfur dyes, reactive. rini, VAT rini na talla wakili, jinkirin rini na acid rini, roba wanka wanka ulu synergist.
7.Mashahuri
Sabulun Mercerizing
Shin cakuda mai acid sodium gishiri C17H35COONa da C17H33COONa, anionic surfactant, mai kyau decontamination da emulsification sakamako, ba resistant zuwa wuya ruwa, sauki hydrolysis na ruwa bayani.
601 Detergent kwayoyin dabara CnH2n+1SO3Na, matsakaicin adadin carbon atom 16, anionic surfactant, haske rawaya ruwan kasa ruwa, sauƙi mai narkewa cikin ruwa, game da alkyl sodium sulfonate (AS) 25%, sodium chloride 5%, ruwa 70%, 1 % ruwa bayani PH darajar ne 7-9, karfi deterring iko, acid, alkali, wuya ruwa juriya.
Sabulun masana'antu
Anionic surfactant, m foda, sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, game da dauke da sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate (AAS) 30%, sodium sulfate 68%, ruwa 2%, 1% na ruwa bayani PH darajar 7-9, tsaftacewa, shigar azzakari cikin farji, emulsification. da sauran kaddarorin suna da kyau sosai, acid, alkali, juriya na ruwa mai ƙarfi, juriya mai ɗaukar danshi yana da ƙarfi, amma ikon hana datti a cikin mannewa ba shi da kyau.Ana iya inganta shi tare da ƙaramin adadin carboxymethyl cellulose.
Wakilin Tsaftacewa LS (Wakilin Tsaftace MA)
Fatty amide p-methoxybenzenesulfonate sodium, anionic surfactant, launin ruwan kasa foda, sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, 1% ruwa bayani ne tsaka tsaki, ko a wanke a cikin ruwa mai laushi ko ruwa mai wuya, shigarsa, aikin watsawa yana da kyau, kuma yana da emulsification, matakin sakamako, acid. , alkali, juriya na ruwa.
209 Abun wanka
N, N-fatty acyl methyl taurine sodium, anionic surfactant, da bayani ne tsaka tsaki, haske yellow colloidal ruwa, sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, 1% ruwa bayani PH darajar 7.2-8, dauke da game da 20% na wanke aiki al'amari, wanka, leveling, shigar azzakari cikin farji da kuma emulsification ikon ne mai kyau, acid, alkali, wuya ruwa juriya.
Detergent 105 (Detergent R5)
Yana da cakuda polyoxyethylene aliphatic barasa ether 24%, polyoxyethylene phenyl alkyl phenol ether 10-12%, kwakwa man alkyl alkyl amide 24% da ruwa 40%, non-ionic surfactant, haske launin ruwan kasa ruwa, aiki bangaren 60%, sauƙi soluble. a cikin ruwa, 1% mai ruwa bayani PH darajar game da 9, tare da wetting, shigar azzakari cikin farji, emulsification, yaduwa, kumfa, degreasing da sauran kaddarorin.
Ramibon A (613 detergent)
Fatty acyl amino acid sodium, fatty acid chloride da furotin hydrolytic kayayyakin, anionic surfactants, ga lokacin farin ciki ruwa ruwa, da general tasiri bangaren ne 40%, sauƙi mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, 1% ruwa bayani PH darajar game da 8, amino acid wari, alkali juriya, wuya ruwa juriya, babu acid juriya, amfani da matsayin tsaftacewa wakili da emulsifier, matalauta degreasing ikon, kuma yi kai tsaye dyes, vulcanized dyes homogenizer.
Detergent JU
Ethylene oxide imidazole abubuwan da suka samo asali, wadanda ba ionic surfactants, suna da kyau wetting, dispersing, emulsifying da sauran effects, dace da wanka a low zazzabi 30-50 digiri, haske rawaya viscous m ruwa, 1% ruwa mai ruwa PH darajar 5-6, ruwa mai ƙarfi juriya. , alkali juriya, acid juriya, kyau kwarai wanka da wetting ikon, kuma suna da yadawa, emulsification, leveling sakamako, Yana za a iya gauraye da daban-daban surfactants da dyes, kuma ana amfani da sau da yawa domin tsaftacewa ulu yadudduka da pre-dyeing magani na acrylic, wanda zai iya. yi rini na cationic daidai gwargwado.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-01-2024
