Tasirin aikace-aikacen PAC a cikin maganin ruwa na tashar wutar lantarki

1. Pre-treatment of make up water

Jikunan ruwa na halitta sukan ƙunshi laka, yumbu, humus da sauran abubuwan da aka dakatar da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, algae, ƙwayoyin cuta da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta, suna da tabbataccen kwanciyar hankali a cikin ruwa, shine babban dalilin turbidity, launi da wari.Wadannan abubuwan da suka wuce kima suna shiga cikin mai musayar ion, suna gurɓata resin, rage ƙarfin musayar guduro, har ma suna shafar ingancin tsarin lalata.Maganin coagulation, bayanin sasantawa da tacewa shine don cire waɗannan ƙazanta a matsayin babban maƙasudi, ta yadda abubuwan da aka dakatar da su a cikin ruwa sun ragu zuwa ƙasa da 5mg / L, wato, samun ruwa mai tsabta.Wannan shi ake kira pretreatment na ruwa.Bayan an riga an gyara, za a iya amfani da ruwan a matsayin ruwan tukunyar jirgi kawai idan an cire gishirin da ke cikin ruwa da aka narkar da su ta hanyar musayar ion kuma ana cire narkar da iskar da ke cikin ruwan ta hanyar dumama ko bushewa ko hurawa.Idan ba a fara cire waɗannan ƙazanta ba, ba za a iya aiwatar da magani na gaba (desalting) ba.Sabili da haka, maganin coagulation na ruwa shine muhimmiyar hanyar haɗi a cikin tsarin kula da ruwa.

Tsarin pretreatment na thermal ikon shuka ne kamar haka: danyen ruwa → coagulation → hazo da bayani → tacewa.Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su a cikin hanyar coagulation sune polyaluminum chloride, polyferric sulfate, aluminum sulfate, ferric trichloride, da dai sauransu. Wadannan galibi suna gabatar da aikace-aikacen polyaluminum chloride.

Polyaluminum chloride, wanda ake magana da shi a matsayin PAC, ya dogara ne akan ash ash ko aluminum ma'adanai a matsayin albarkatun kasa, a babban zafin jiki da wani matsa lamba tare da alkali da aluminum dauki samar da polymer, albarkatun kasa da kuma samar da tsari ne daban-daban, samfurin bayani dalla-dalla ba iri daya ba.Tsarin kwayoyin halitta na PAC [Al2(OH) nCI6-n]m, inda n zai iya zama kowace lamba tsakanin 1 da 5, kuma m shine ma'aunin tari na 10. PAC yana zuwa cikin nau'i mai ƙarfi da ruwa.

2.Coagulation tsarin

Akwai manyan illolin coagulant guda uku akan barbashi colloidal a cikin ruwa: neutralization na lantarki, haɗakarwa da kuma sharewa.Wanne daga cikin waɗannan illolin guda uku shine babban ya dogara da nau'in da nau'in coagulant, yanayi da abun ciki na ƙwayoyin colloidal a cikin ruwa, da ƙimar pH na ruwa.Tsarin aikin polyaluminum chloride yayi kama da na aluminum sulfate, kuma halayen aluminum sulfate a cikin ruwa yana nufin tsarin Al3 + samar da nau'ikan nau'ikan hydrolyzed daban-daban.

Ana iya ɗaukar Polyaluminum chloride azaman samfuran matsakaici daban-daban a cikin aiwatar da hydrolysis da polymerization na aluminum chloride zuwa Al (OH) 3 ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi.Yana da kai tsaye a cikin ruwa a cikin nau'i na nau'in nau'in polymeric daban-daban da A1 (OH) a (s), ba tare da tsarin hydrolysis na Al3 + ba.

3. Aikace-aikace da abubuwa masu tasiri

1. Ruwa zafin jiki

Yanayin zafin jiki na ruwa yana da tasirin gaske akan tasirin maganin coagulation.Lokacin da ruwan zafi ne low, da hydrolysis na coagulant ne mafi wuya, musamman a lokacin da ruwa zafin jiki ne m fiye da 5 ℃, da hydrolysis kudi ne jinkirin, da flocculant kafa yana da sako-sako da tsarin, high ruwa abun ciki da lafiya barbashi.Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa ya yi ƙasa, ana haɓaka ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayoyin colloidal, lokacin flocculation yana da tsayi, kuma ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta yana jinkirin.Binciken ya nuna cewa zafin ruwa na 25 ~ 30 ℃ ya fi dacewa.

2. pH darajar ruwa

Tsarin hydrolysis na polyaluminum chloride tsari ne na ci gaba da sakin H +.Sabili da haka, a ƙarƙashin yanayin pH daban-daban, za a sami matsakaicin hydrolysis daban-daban, kuma mafi kyawun ƙimar pH na maganin coagulation na polyaluminum chloride shine gabaɗaya tsakanin 6.5 da 7.5.Sakamakon coagulation yana da girma a wannan lokacin.

3. Yawan sinadarin coagulant

Lokacin da adadin coagulant da aka ƙara bai isa ba, ragowar turbidity a cikin ruwan fitarwa ya fi girma.Lokacin da adadin ya yi yawa, saboda ƙwayoyin colloidal a cikin ruwa suna tallata coagulant mai yawa, dukiyar cajin ƙwayoyin colloidal sun canza, wanda ke haifar da raguwar turbidity a cikin ƙazanta kuma yana ƙaruwa.Tsarin coagulation ba abu ne mai sauƙi na sinadarai ba, don haka ba za a iya ƙayyade adadin da ake buƙata ba bisa ga ƙididdiga, amma ya kamata a ƙayyade bisa ga ƙayyadaddun ingancin ruwa don ƙayyade adadin da ya dace;Lokacin da ingancin ruwa ya canza yanayi, yakamata a daidaita sashi daidai.

4. Matsakaicin lamba

A cikin aikin jiyya na coagulation ko wasu maganin hazo, idan akwai adadin adadin laka a cikin ruwa, tasirin maganin coagulation na iya inganta sosai.Zai iya samar da babban yanki mai girma, ta hanyar adsorption, catalysis da crystallization core, inganta tasirin maganin coagulation.

Hazowar coagulation hanya ce da ake amfani da ita sosai don maganin ruwa a halin yanzu.Ana amfani da masana'antar polyaluminum chloride a matsayin flocculant na maganin ruwa, tare da kyakkyawan aikin coagulant, babban floc, ƙarancin sashi, babban inganci, hazo mai sauri, kewayon aikace-aikacen fa'ida da sauran fa'idodi, idan aka kwatanta da na gargajiya flocculant sashi za a iya rage ta 1/3 ~ 1. /2, ana iya ajiye farashin 40%.Haɗe tare da aikin tacewa mara igiyar ruwa da matatar carbon da aka kunna, turɓayar ɗanyen ruwa yana raguwa sosai, an inganta ingantaccen tsarin dillali, kuma ana ƙara ƙarfin musayar resin desalt, kuma farashin aiki yana raguwa.